Tuesday, April 5, 2016

Computer Network - 06 April 2016

Importance of Computer Network

  • Share hardware 
  • Sharing information and files between users
  • Allows users to communicate through e-mail, video conferencing, etc between organisations

Ping vs Traceroute

PING stands Packet InterNet Groper, is a utility used to verify whether or not a network data packet is capable of being distributed to an address without errors. The ping utility is commonly used to check for network errors.

Traceroute a procedure allows you to find out precisely how a data transmission traveled from your computer to another. Essentially , the traceroute compiles a list of the computers on the network that are involved with a specific internet activity.

Number System

Binary Numeral System - Base-2

Binary numbers uses only 0 and 1 digits.
B denotes binary prefix.

Examples:

101012 = 10101B = 1×24+0×23+1×22+0×21+1×2= 16+4+1= 21
101112 = 10111B = 1×24+0×23+1×22+1×21+1×2= 16+4+2+1= 23
1000112 = 100011B = 1×25+0×24+0×23+0×22+1×21+1×2=32+2+1= 35

Decimal Numeral System - Base-10

Decimal numbers uses digits from 0..9.
These are the regular numbers that we use.

Example:

253810 = 2×103+5×102+3×101+8×100

Hexadecimal Numeral System - Base-16

Hex numbers uses digits from 0..9 and A..F.
H denotes hex prefix.

Examples:

2816 = 28H = 2×161+8×16= 40
2F16 = 2FH = 2×161+15×16= 47

BC1216 = BC12H = 11×163+12×162+1×161+2×160= 48146


Numeral systems conversion table


Decimal
Base-10
Binary
Base-2
Octal
Base-8
Hexadecimal
Base-16
0000
1111
21022
31133
410044
510155
611066
711177
81000108
91001119
10101012A
11101113B
12110014C
13110115D
14111016E
15111117F
16100002010
17100012111
18100102212
19100112313
20101002414
21101012515
22101102616
23101112717
24110003018
25110013119
2611010321A
2711011331B
2811100341C
2911101351D
3011110361E
3111111371F
321000004020








References:

  • http://computer.atlas4e.com/Project_E1/chapter04/chapter04.htm
  • http://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/importance-computer-networking-security-24299.html
  • http://www.omnisecu.com/basic-networking/why-we-need-computer-network.php
  • http://www.examiner.com/article/what-is-computer-network-and-why-is-it-important
  • http://computer.atlas4e.com/Project_E1/chapter04/chapter04.htm
  • http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/traceroute.html
  • http://whatismyipaddress.com/traceroute
  • http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/ping
  • http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/p/ping.htm
  • http://www.rapidtables.com/math/number/Numeral_system.htm

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